WORKDAY
Returns a date n working days in the future.
=WORKDAY(start_date, days, [holidays])This static page keeps the function indexed for search, while the spreadsheet app handles interactive exploration and saved formulas.
What the function does
Overview
Returns a date n working days in the future.
The WORKDAY function calculates a date that is a specified number of working days before or after a starting date. It automatically excludes weekends (Saturday and Sunday) and can optionally exclude a range of specific holiday dates provided as a range or array. This is essential for calculating project completion dates, delivery estimates, or invoice due dates based on business days rather than calendar days. A technical edge case involves the 'days' argument: if it is not an integer, Excel truncates it rather than rounding. It is considered best practice to store holiday lists in a dedicated range or table to ensure consistency across multiple project schedules. Note that WORKDAY only supports the standard Sat/Sun weekend; for custom weekend patterns, use the WORKDAY.INTL function instead.
Quick reference
Syntax
=WORKDAY(start_date, days, [holidays])Inputs
Arguments
Example: A2
Example: 10
Example: H1:H10
Formula patterns
Examples
calculate a project deadline
=WORKDAY(A2, B2)delivery date excluding specific holidays
=WORKDAY(A2, B2, C2:C10)calculate a past date for lead time
=WORKDAY(A2, -10)Avoid these issues
Common Errors
#VALUE!
Cause: The start_date or any value in the holiday range is not a valid Excel date, or the days argument is non-numeric.
Fix: Ensure all date inputs are formatted as dates and use the DATE function or cell references to avoid text-based date entry errors.
#NUM!
Cause: The calculated date results in a value that is outside Excel's supported date range (January 1, 1900, to December 31, 9999).
Fix: Check the start_date and days values to ensure the resulting timeline remains within realistic chronological bounds.
Platform support
Compatibility
Source: Microsoft Support
Common questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Returns a date n working days in the future.
ate: Project start days: Working days to add holidays: Range of holiday dates to exclude
#VALUE!: Ensure all date inputs are formatted as dates and use the DATE function or cell references to avoid text-based date entry errors. #NUM!: Check the ate and days values to ensure the resulting timeline remains within realistic chronological bounds.