ChemistryAngular momentumUniversity

Angular momentum magnitude commutator

Shows that any one angular-momentum component commutes with the total squared angular momentum.

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Core idea

Overview

This is why quantum states can be labeled by both l and one component quantum number m.

When to use: Shows that any one angular-momentum component commutes with the total squared angular momentum.

Why it matters: This is why quantum states can be labeled by both l and one component quantum number m.

Walkthrough

Derivation

Derivation of Angular momentum magnitude commutator

Shows that any one angular-momentum component commutes with the total squared angular momentum.

  • The symbols use the standard quantum-chemistry convention for this topic.
  • The expression is used within the model named in the entry.
1

Start from the model

Interpret the displayed relation as a rule, definition, or operator statement.

2

Identify the physical pieces

This is why quantum states can be labeled by both l and one component quantum number m.

3

Use the result carefully

Apply the expression only when the assumptions of the model are satisfied.

Result

Source: Chemistry LibreTexts, Rotational Motions of Rigid Molecules; Chemistry LibreTexts, Selection Rule for the Rigid Rotator

Free formulas

Rearrangements

Solve for

Solve for reason

The static page shows the finished rearrangements. The app keeps the full worked algebra walkthrough.

Why it behaves this way

Intuition

This is why quantum states can be labeled by both l and one component quantum number m.

main expression
Shows that any one angular-momentum component commutes with the total squared angular momentum.
This is why quantum states can be labeled by both l and one component quantum number m.

Signs and relationships

  • positive terms: Positive terms usually represent kinetic energy, barriers, or magnitudes.
  • negative terms: Negative terms usually represent attractive interactions or energy lowering when present.

Free study cues

Insight

Canonical usage

This equation demonstrates that the components of angular momentum commute with the total squared angular momentum, implying that these quantities can be simultaneously measured.

Common confusion

Students may confuse the concept of commutation with the idea that the quantities themselves are dimensionless.

Dimension note

The equation itself is a statement about operators and their commutation relations, not a calculation yielding a dimensionless quantity.

Unit systems

J s - Angular momentum has units of energy multiplied by time, or mass times velocity times distance.

One free problem

Practice Problem

Can and Lz have simultaneous eigenfunctions?

Solve for: $[\hat{L}_i, \hat{L}^2]

Hint: Focus on what the formula is telling you physically.

The full worked solution stays in the interactive walkthrough.

Where it shows up

Real-World Context

In a spherical harmonic can be an eigenfunction of L^2 and Lz at the same time, Angular momentum magnitude commutator is used to calculate $[\hat{L}_i, \hat{L}^2] from the measured values. The result matters because it helps check loads, margins, or component sizes before a design is treated as safe.

Study smarter

Tips

  • commutes with Lx, Ly, and Lz.
  • Usually Lz is chosen as the measured component.

Avoid these traps

Common Mistakes

  • Confusing this with the nonzero commutator between different components.
  • Thinking all three components commute because each commutes with .

Common questions

Frequently Asked Questions

Shows that any one angular-momentum component commutes with the total squared angular momentum.

Shows that any one angular-momentum component commutes with the total squared angular momentum.

This is why quantum states can be labeled by both l and one component quantum number m.

Confusing this with the nonzero commutator between different components. Thinking all three components commute because each commutes with L^2.

In a spherical harmonic can be an eigenfunction of L^2 and Lz at the same time, Angular momentum magnitude commutator is used to calculate $[\hat{L}_i, \hat{L}^2] from the measured values. The result matters because it helps check loads, margins, or component sizes before a design is treated as safe.

L^2 commutes with Lx, Ly, and Lz. Usually Lz is chosen as the measured component.

References

Sources

  1. Chemistry LibreTexts, Rotational Motions of Rigid Molecules; Chemistry LibreTexts, Selection Rule for the Rigid Rotator
  2. Chemistry LibreTexts, Rotational Motions of Rigid Molecules
  3. Chemistry LibreTexts, Selection Rule for the Rigid Rotator
  4. Griffiths, David J. (2018). Introduction to Quantum Mechanics (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  5. Sakurai, J. J., & Napolitano, Jim. (2017). Modern Quantum Mechanics (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  6. Griffiths, David J. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
  7. Sakurai, J. J., & Napolitano, J. Modern Quantum Mechanics